According to a report jointly published by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Finance, China's research and development (R&D) spending has consistently gone up and reached about US$ 208.4bn in 2015, up 8.9 percent over 2014. Last year's R&D expenditure equaled 2.07 percent of the GDP, up from 2.02 percent in 2014 and marking the third straight year above the 2-percent mark. Chinese companies were the largest contributor, according to the report. Enterprises, led by those in the manufacturing, computer and telecommunications sectors, spent about US$ 156.0bn on R&D in 2015, up 8.2 percent from the previous year and accounting for 76.8 percent of the total.
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